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The Deployment Experiences of Ft. Carson's Soldiers in Iraq

Thinking about and Training for Full-Spectrum Warfare

U.S. Air Force Academy

David R. McCone

U.S. Air Force Academy

George R. Mastroianni

U.S. Air Force Academy

William Lind has argued that the U.S. military is improperly configured and trained to fight "fourth-generation" wars, that is, ones in which one of the participants is a nonstate actor and where the strategy, tactics, and battlefield are unconventional. This position has slowly gained acceptance among U.S. Army and Marine commanders, who have struggled to adapt to fourth-generation realities on the ground in Iraq. Drawing on oral-history and focus-group interviews, the authors explore how two units from Ft. Carson, Colorado, have experienced and adjusted to these contingencies. They offer the SAPRR Model as an illustration of their cognitive approach and a plausible combat script for rapid but considered decision making.

Key Words: war in Iraq • generations of warfare • combat schemas • combat scripts

Armed Forces & Society, Vol. 35, No. 3, 460-476 (2009)
DOI: 10.1177/0095327X08322567


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